| Treatments | Image | Applications | Aesthetics | Relative Costs | Requires Leave Out | Level of Difficulty | Relative Effective Longevity | Construction Type | Major Advantages | Major Limitations | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Installation | Life-cycle | Maintenance | Repair | Installation | Repair | Maintenance | Retrofit | |||||||||
| Standard Concrete Pavement |  |
GR, SP, GM SE, EP, ME, CB | H, S | High | Low | Low | High | SPG | Moderate | High | Moderate | High | High | New | High aesthetic appeal. Good for use in urban/high visibility locations. | Difficult and expensive repairs. Not usually applicable for retrofit. |
| Minor Concrete Pavement |  |
GR, SP, GM SE, ME, CB | H, S | Moderate/High | Low | Low | High | SPG | Moderate | High | Moderate | High | High | New | Cost is similar to standard concrete paving. Easily installed with standard tools and equipment. | Difficult and expensive repairs. Not usually applicable for retrofit. |
| Patterned Concrete Pavement |  |
GR, SP, GM, SE, ME, CB | H | High | Moderate | Moderate/High | High | SPG | High | High | Moderate | High | High | New | High aesthetic appeal. Good for use in urban/high visibility locations. Can be used in most climate conditions. | High installation and repair costs. May be difficult to match color and pattern for repair. |
| Asphalt Concrete Pavement |  |
GR, SP, GM, EP, ME, CB | H, S | Low/Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | SPG | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate/High | Moderate | New | Generally lower installation cost. Commonly used and readily available material. Most contractors and DOT have equipment and training for installation. | Due to rigidity leave-outs are required. Restricted work area may limit use of asphalt concrete installation equipment. |
| Modular Paving Units |  |
SP, GM, SE | H | Moderate/High | Low | Low | Low | SPG | Moderate/High | Low | Low | Moderate | High | New, Retrofit | Generally lower installation cost. Commonly used and readily available material. Most contractors and DOT have equipment and training for installation. | Due to rigidity leave-outs are required. Restricted work area may limit use of asphalt concrete installation equipment. |
| Stamped Asphalt Pavement |  |
GR, SP, GM, ME, CB | H | Mederate/High | Moderate | High | High | SPG | Moderate/High | High | Moderate | High | Moderate | New | Installation and repair can be done by standard maintenance equipment. Variety of colors and patterns. | Use on slopes is difficult for stamping equipment. Requires leave-out area. |
| Asphalt Composite |  |
GR, SP, GM, ME, CB | H, S | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | High | New, Retrofit | Flexible, durable and solid barrier. Adheres to asphalt, concrete, wood and metal. | Requires installation temperature >50°. | |
| Recycled Asphalt Millings |  |
GR, SP, GM, EP, ME, CB | H, S | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | New, Retrofit | Can be used in most climate conditions. Low life cycle cost. | Subject to availability. May be dislodged if not compacted. | |
| Rock Blanket |  |
SP, GM, SE | H, S | High | Low | High | High | SPG | Moderate | High | Low | High | High | New | Moderate aesthetic appeal. Good for use in urban/high visibility locations. Can be used in most climate conditions. | Difficult repairs. High installation and repair costs if set in mortar. |
| Rock Slope Protection |  |
SE | S | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | New, Retrofit | Provides erosion control. Can be used in most climate conditions. | Limited application areas. Maximum slope 1V:1.5H. | |
| Aggregate Base |  |
GR, SP, GM, EP, CB | S | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | New, Retrofit | Does not require leave-out at ground penetrations. Low cost treatment. | May not be applicable in areas with snow removal equipment and snow storage. | |
| Rubber Weed Mat |  |
GR, SP, CB | H, S | Moderate/High | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | High | New, Retrofit | Does not require leave out at ground penetrations. No staking/anchoring is required. | Worker exposure is high for installation and maintenance due to slow installation process. | |
| Gravel Mulch |  |
GR, SP, GM, SE, ME, EP, CB | H, S | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | New, Retrofit | Does not require leave out at ground penetrations. Low cost treatment. | May not be applicable in areas with snow removal equipment and snow storage. | |
| Weed Control Fiber Mat |  |
GR, SP, CB | H, S | Moderate/High | Low | Low | Low | Low | low | Low | Moderate | High | New, Retrofit | Can be used in most climate conditions. Uses standard installation and maintenance equipment. Allows for storm water infiltration. | Requires leave-out at ground penetrations that are sealed with caulk. | |
| Organic Mulch |  |
GM, SE, H | H, S | Low | Moderate/High | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | New, Retrofit | Can be used in most climate conditions. Uses standard installation and maintenance equipment. | Limited longevity of approximately 2 to 3 years. Subject to degradation. May require reapplication. | |
| Native/Non-Irrigated Vegetation |  |
GR, GM, SE, CB | H, S | Low/Moderate | Low/Moderate | Low/Moderate | Low/Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | New, Retrofit | High aesthetic value. Costs vary depending on site specific design and irrigation rrequirements. Uses standard installationand maintenance equipment. | Worker exposure is high for installation and maintenance. Requires site preparation. | |
| Irrigated Ornamental Vegetation |  |
GM, SE | H | High | Moderate/High | Moderate | Low/Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | New, Retrofit | High aesthetic value. Uses standard installationand maintenance equipment. Allows for storm water infiltration. Provides erosion control. | Worker exposure is high for installation and maintenance. Requires site preparation. | |
| Glass Cullet |  |
GM, SP, GR, CB, ME, EP | H, S | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | High | New, Retrofit | Uses standard installation and maintenance equipment. Allows for storm water infiltration. Varity of colors. Does not decompose. Uses recycled glass. | Not recommended for use on slopes. Reflective – glare issue and reflects the underlayment. Proper processing is required. | |
| Geosynthetic Cementitious Composite Mat |  |
GM, SP, GR, CB, ME, SE | S | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | SPG | Low | Unknown | Unknown | Low | Unknown | New, Retrofit | Rapid and easy installation. Product comes on a roll so no concrete mixing. Waterproof. Flexible enough to allow material to conform to surface. | Leave-outs may be required for some applications due to rigidity of material. Limited information regarding cost and maintenance. |
| Crumb Rubber Modified Concrete |  |
GM, SP, GR, CB, ME, SE | H, S | Low/Moderate | Low | Low | High | SPG | Low/Moderate | High | Moderate | High | High | New | Color can be added. Formwork is not always necessary. Easy installation. | Consistency of mix may limit its use on slopes. Repairs are difficult to match to the original color, if you use a concrete stain. |
1. Click on the images for the information sheet.
2. CB = Cable Barrier, EP = Edge of Pavement, GM = Gore/Median, GR = Guardrail , H = High Aesthetics, ME = Mow Edge , S = Standard Aesthetics, SE = Slope/Embankment, SP = Support Posts and Poles
3. SPG= Refer to STRONG POST GUARDRAIL USE WITH RIGID VMS MATERIALS information sheet for leave-out compliance requirements.